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Conditions: Carcinoid Tumors

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Carcinoid (also carcinoid tumour or carcinoid tumor) is slow-growing but often malignant type of neuroendocrine tumour, originating in the cells of the neuroendocrine system. Carcinoid tumours arise from the enterochromaffin cells (secrete hormones) throughout the gut. They are most commonly found in the foregut (35.6% cases) with lung, bronchus and trachea constituting 27.9% cases from where they rarely metastasise (except in case of pancreas). The next most common affected area is the small intestine especially the midgut (32.1% cases) with the highest proportion from ileum at 14.9% of all cases. In cases of metastases it can lead to carcinoid syndrome. This is due to the production of the hormone serotonin, which is released into the systemic circulation, which leads to symptoms of cutaneous flushing, diarrhea, bronchoconstriction and right-sided cardiac valve disease.

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